{"id":5711,"date":"2021-05-21T09:00:46","date_gmt":"2021-05-21T07:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.breeze-technologies.de\/?p=5711"},"modified":"2021-04-20T15:31:41","modified_gmt":"2021-04-20T13:31:41","slug":"how-air-pollution-exacerbates-social-inequality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.breeze-technologies.de\/de\/blog\/how-air-pollution-exacerbates-social-inequality\/","title":{"rendered":"How air pollution exacerbates social inequality"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While air pollution is a global issue, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/air-pollution#tab=tab_1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">killing 7 million worldwide every year<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, those from different socioeconomic backgrounds feel its effects differently. We have previously written about why <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.breeze-technologies.de\/blog\/why-is-air-pollution-bigger-topic-in-developing-nations-than-in-developed-nations\/\">air pollution seems to disproportionately affect developing countries<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, but today, let\u2019s look at how air pollution exacerbates inequality not just between nations, but also within.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2>Air pollution inequality between countries<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/phe\/health_topics\/outdoorair\/databases\/cities\/en\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the World Health Organization (WHO)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, more than 80% of people living in urban areas are exposed to pollution levels that far exceed safe limits. Those from low- and middle-income countries are affected the most. In 2016, 98% of cities in developing countries with over 100 000 inhabitants failed to meet WHO air quality guidelines. In developed countries, however, that applies to only 56% of cities. In addition, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/27-09-2016-who-releases-country-estimates-on-air-pollution-exposure-and-health-impact\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">~90% of air pollution-related deaths<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> occur in low- and middle-income countries, of which approximately 2 out of 3 take place in WHO\u2019s Southeast Asia and Western Pacific regions.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The role of pollution (including air) exacerbating inequality in Asia and the Pacific can be seen by comparing <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unescap.org\/publications\/inequality-asia-and-pacific-era-2030-agenda-sustainable-development\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">productivity loss as a percentage of GDP<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. This is 8 times higher in developing countries (0.25% of GDP) than in developed ones (0.03% of GDP).<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Air pollution inequality within a nation<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lung.org\/clean-air\/outdoors\/who-is-at-risk\/disparities\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Various<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/en\/health-topics\/environment-and-health\/air-quality\/publications\/2019\/environmental-health-inequalities-in-europe.-second-assessment-report-2019\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">studies<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have shown certain socioeconomic and racial groups to be disproportionately exposed to and affected by air pollution. This is because low income groups tend to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Live in areas with higher traffic and industrial activity\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Live in overcrowded housing<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lack access to green spaces<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lack access to proper medical care<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Work outdoors or in places affected by air pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition, employment status, education level, and income can affect one\u2019s underlying health conditions and vulnerability to the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.breeze-technologies.de\/blog\/health-impact-of-indoor-and-outdoor-air-pollution\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">effects of air pollution<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Those of lower socioeconomic status are particularly at risk due to a higher likelihood of pre-existing health conditions, poor housing, inadequate diet, and stress.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This disparity is perpetuated by a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unescap.org\/publications\/inequality-asia-and-pacific-era-2030-agenda-sustainable-development\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vicious cycle<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The economically disadvantaged and the vulnerable are exposed to more air pollution than the rest of the populace. They have fewer means to protect themselves due to lower coping capacity, lower access to infrastructure, and lower access to prevention services. The impact of air pollution threatens their health, livelihoods, and wellbeing, which ultimately reduces their income earning potential and increases the rate of premature death. The result is a widening of inequality within the country.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>How can air pollution inequality be addressed?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conscious government action is crucial. Focused efforts to protect vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, and residents in areas of low socioeconomic status should be made while implementing new legislations and other forms of city planning. These include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enhancing city zoning to reduce pollution exposure<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Separating residential areas from polluting industries and major roads<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Establishing green spaces in the cityscape<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lining streets with trees<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strengthening the capacity for pollution monitoring<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disclosing pollution data to citizens in real-time<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Educating citizens on preventative measures against air pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mapping out air pollution sources, particularly in lower-income neighbourhoods<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Implementing measures to increase compliance to emission regulations<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Facilitating the switch to cleaner energy sources<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promoting electrification based on renewable sources<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Subsidizing schemes for the vulnerable to take up household equipment using cleaner energy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Utilizing awareness campaigns and social marketing for city air pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Making basic healthcare services accessible and affordable for all<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Establishing regular health screenings in neighbourhoods with low socioeconomic status<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Breeze Technologies has the perfect solution for city-wide pollution monitoring. Air quality networks can be easily built with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.breeze-technologies.de\/air-quality-sensors\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">our lower-cost, small form factor sensors<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. These sensors continuously monitor <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.breeze-technologies.de\/blog\/major-air-pollutants-their-impact-and-sources\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">all major air pollutants<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> found to have the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.breeze-technologies.de\/blog\/health-impact-of-specific-air-pollutants\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">most severe impact on human health<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The collected information can then be shared with citizens in real-time, but also used for urban planning and decision-making to align on where the above-mentioned interventions are needed the most.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To see our sensor network in action, check out our Breeze Air quality Citizen Portal <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/map.breeze-technologies.de\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">here<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Our platform delivers hyperlocal air quality data from citizens\u2019 neighbourhoods, thus directly engaging them in the process of improving it for a brighter, healthier tomorrow. For more information on our urban air quality offerings, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.breeze-technologies.de\/solutions\/urban-air-quality\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">click here<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>While air pollution is a global issue, killing 7 million worldwide every year, those from different socioeconomic backgrounds feel its effects differently. We have previously written about why air pollution seems to disproportionately affect developing countries, but today, let\u2019s look at how air pollution exacerbates inequality not just between nations, but also within.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":5713,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[75,60,16],"tags":[146,40,164,188,191,185,170,190,189],"class_list":["post-5711","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-academy","category-air-quality-science","category-blog-posts","tag-air-pollution-2","tag-air-quality","tag-clean-air-action","tag-economy","tag-sdgs","tag-social-impact","tag-societal-impact","tag-sustainable-develop-goals","tag-sustainable-development"],"yoast_head":"<title>How air pollution exacerbates social inequality - Breeze Technologies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.breeze-technologies.de\/de\/blog\/how-air-pollution-exacerbates-social-inequality\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How air pollution exacerbates social inequality - Breeze Technologies\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"While air pollution is a global issue, killing 7 million worldwide every year, those from different socioeconomic backgrounds feel its effects differently. 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